Isoko n'ibikorwa vy'imashini yo gusukura gazi
Imashini yo gusukura gazi ni igikoresho gikora neza cane kandi gikoreshwa n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma, ivy’ivyuma vy’amazi, n’ibindi. gazi ihindura amazi imbere y’uko isuzumwa, igasubira gusubira gukoresha canke gusubira gukoresha.
I. Gusaba kw'isoko
Isoko risaba imashini zo gusukura gazi ahanini rikomoka ahanini ku mahuzu abiri nyamukuru: gusuzuma ubudasiba ivyuma vy’amazi n’ugusubira gukoresha ibikoresho vy’amazi.
Ivy'Igerageza ry'Ivyiyumviro
Insobanuro y’ugusaba: Dushingiye ku mategeko y’igihugu, ubwoko bwose bw’ibikoresho vy’ugutera gaze vy’agaciro kanini (nk’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma, ivyuma vy’amazi, n’ibindi) bitegerezwa gutumwa mu bigo vy’abahinga kugira ngo bigenzurwe ubudasiba (akenshi imyaka 3 canke 5). Inyuma y’aho baciye iyo nzira yo gusuzuma ni ho gusa babandanya gukoreshwa.
Ivy’uko bikenewe gusukura: imbere y’ibikoresho vy’amazi bikoreshwa gaze hazokwirundanira umwotsi w’amazi, umugese, amabara y’amavuta, amasigarira y’imiti, iminuko, n’ibindi. ahandi ho, bizogira ico bikoze ku bijanye n’ukuri kw’ivyavuye mu gusuzuma mbere n’ivyononekaye no kwonona ibikoresho vyo gusuzuma.
Isoko- Ikoreshwa: Ibisabwa vy’itegeko vy’amategeko agenga umutekano ni vyo bituma iri soko ritera. Akarere kose karimwo ibibanza vy’ugusuzuma ivyuma vy’amazi, ivyo bikaba ari vyo bikoreshwa cane mu gukoresha imashini zo gusukura gazi.
Ivyumba vy'ubuhinga bw'ivyuma vy'ivyuma vy'ivyuma
Insobanuro y’ugusaba: Ku bijanye n’ibikoresho vy’amazi vy’agaciro vyashitse ku buzima bwavyo bwateguwe canke isuzuma ryananiwe, ugusubira gukoresha ibintu be n’ubuvuzi butekanye.
Ivyo bikenewe vyo gusukura: Ivyuma vy’amazi bishaje, cane cane ama cylinders ya LPG, akenshi birimwo ibisigarira bikomeye vy’amavuta, sulfide y’iyidrojeni, ibintu vy’agaciro, n’ibindi imbere. Gusukura neza bitegerezwa gukorwa imbere y’uko ibintu bikurikirana nk’ugusesa hasi no gumenagura. Ikindi:
Ico kibazo co gutorera umuti: Ibintu bishobora kwaka bishobora gutuma umuriro canke uguturika mu gihe kizoza.
Uguhumanya ibidukikije: Mu gihe c’ugusesagura, amavuta arahumanya hose, ahumanya cane ibikoresho n’ibidukikije.
Agaciro k’ibikoresho: Ivyuma vy’amavuta bifise amabara y’amavuta ni vy’agaciro gatoyi kandi igiciro caco co kugurisha kiragabanywa cane. Inyuma yo gusukura, icuma c’agaciro kanini kandi kiri hejuru.
Isoko- Ikoreshwa: Gukomeza politike zo kurinda ibidukikije n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi bw’uruziga (iciyumviro c’amamine y’ibisagara”) ni vyo bituma iri soko ritera imbere. High- ibikoresho bishobora gusubirwamwo bisaba gusukura neza kandi neza imbere y’uko umuntu adatera.
Ibiterwa n'Ibimera vyo Gusubiramwo
Insobanuro y’ugusaba: Mu nzira yo gutera imbere imbere y’uko umuntu asigira amacupa mashasha canke guhindura amacupa ya kera, birakenewe gusukura umubiri w’icupa kugira ngo irangi rifatanye.
Ii. Insobanuro Insobanuro
Imashini yo gusukura gazi ni uburyo bushiramwo ubuhinga, amashanyarazi, ivyuma/ivy’amazi n’ivy’ubuhinga bwa shimi. Ibikorwa vyayo nyamukuru birashobora gusobanurwamwo mu ncamake gutya:
Igikorwa nyamukuru: Gukuraho ibintu bihumanye vy’umubiri n’ivy’imiti biri imbere mu gitereko c’amazi.
Kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku gikorwa nyamukuru, imashini isanzwe yo gusukura ivyuma bikoreshwa n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma akenshi irafise ibi bikurikira n’intambwe zo gukora:
Ivyo Gushiramwo no Guhindura (gushiramwo no Guhindura)
Ivyo bikoresho vyo gusukura gazi birungikwa ku kibanza co gusukura mu buryo bubereye kandi bushikamye biciye ku mirongo y’ugutwara uruzitiro, imirongo y’isahani y’uruzitiro canke gufata robot yikora, gushika ku bikorwa bikomeza.
Gushinga intahe n'ugushinga intahe
Akanwa k’icupa kari ahantu hamwe neza kandi gafatwa n’ivyuma vy’amazi canke vy’amazi kugira ngo hagire amazi yo gusukura ashobora kuba ari ukuri no gukingirwa mu kanwa k’icupa, bikabuza amazi menshi.
Gukaraba igikorwa - igikorwa gikomeye
High- amazi ashushe y’ugusukura: Koresha ipompo y’inguvu nyinshi (kenshi n’umukazo hejuru ya 20-100 bar) kugira ngo ufumbire amazi ashushe mu cupa mu buryo bw’umuyaga canke biciye mu nzira y’amazi. Amazi ashushe arashobora gushongera neza kandi akamesa amabara y’amavuta.
Uburyo bwo gutera imiti: Igikoresho co gusukura kiratuma umugozi ugenda uzunguruka no gusubiramwo amadegre 360 imbere mu cupa, kugira ngo imfuruka yose y’ico cupa isukure ata n’aho ihumye.
Ivyongeweko vy’ivyuma vy’isuku: Uburyo buzokwongerako umuti wo gusukura inganda canke umuti w’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma ku mazi ashushe, kandi biciye mu bikorwa vy’imiti, saposira n’ugubora amabara y’amavuta y’inkota.
Ibikorwa vyo kwicara
Gusubiramwo neza ivyuma vy’amazi vyameshejwe n’igikoresho co gusukura gifise amazi menshi- kugira ngo akure neza igikoresho co gusukura n’umukungugu yasigaye, kugira ngo izo nkoko zisukuye kandi zitagira ibisigazwa vy’imiti.
Inyungu z'ibikoresho
Inyuma yo gusukura no gusukura, uburyo bwo gusukura umuyaga ushyuha (kenshi bugizwe n’umufana n’igikoresho co gushusha) burakoreshwa mu kwumisha imbere mu cupa, gukuraho ubukonje, kubuza gutera imbere, no kwitegurira gusuzuma canke gufata.
Igikorwa n'Ivugurura n'Igikorwa
Ingingo nyamukuru zo gukingira ibidukikije no kuzigama inguvu: Ivyo bikoresho bifise itangi ry’amazi, uburyo bwo kuyungurura, igikoresho co kuyungurura - n’uburyo bwo gushushanya.
Amazi y’ubupfu amaze gusukura arashikirwa n’ibintu vyinshi -stage (nk’ugutandukanya vorttex, ugutandukanya kw’amabuye y’agaciro, n’ugucungera umufuko) kugira ngo hakurwemwo ibice vyinshi bikomeye n’amavuta areremba. Hanyuma irashuha kandi igasubirwamwo, igatuma amazi meza anywa n’ingero y’amazi mabi asohoka.
Ibikorwa vy'ubugenzuzi vyikoresha
Ivyo vyose vyo gusukura (nk’igihe co gusukura, ubushuhe bw’amazi, umubare w’ibikoresho vyo gusukura, ubushuhe bwo kwuma, n’ibindi) buraca bugenzurwa neza na PLC (Programmable Logic Controller).
Uwukoresha akeneye gusa guhitamwo porogarama yo gusukura ku nzira y'umuntu{-machine (Igicapo c'ugukorako ca HMI), kandi ibikoresho bizoca biheza igikorwa cose, kugira ngo bibe vyiza kandi vyizewe uburyo bwo gusukura no kwandika amakuru y'ibikorwa.
Icegeranyo
Insobanuro y'ingero z'ibiranga
Isoko ry’isoko rikoresha amasoko abiri y’ingenzi y’ugusuzuma umutekano w’ivyuma vy’amazi n’ugusubira gukoresha ibidukikije.
Agaciro nyamukuru: gutuma umutekano (ugusuzuma n’ugutunganya ibintu bikurikira), kwongereza ubushobozi (ugukuraho), gukingira ibidukikije (ugugabanya ibivamwo), no gutuma habaho agaciro (gutuma icuma gisubira gukoreshwa).
Ikoranabuhanga ry’ishimikiro ni ubuhinga bwo gusukura buhurikiye hamwe bufatanya umukazo mwinshi, amazi ashushe, ibikoresho vyo gusukura n’ibikoresho vyinshi -.
Ivyo bikaba ari ivy’iterambere ry’ubuhinga n’ubwenge (nk’ukumenya neza imiterere y’icupa), ukuzigama inguvu nyinshi n’ugukingira ibidukikije (ugutembera kw’amazi meza n’uburyo bwo gusubiza ubushuhe), n’imiterere y’ibintu kugira ngo bihure n’ivyo abakiriya batandukanye bakeneye.
Imashini zo gusukura ivyuma si ibikoresho vyo gusukura gusa; ni ibikoresho nyamukuru vy’ingenzi mu gihe c’ubu, kinini- urugero, n’ugusuzuma gazi y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma n’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none.