Inyungu z'imashini yo gutera igitanda
Igitanda c'uguzunguruka gica mu bihe bimwe bimwe ni ic'ibikoresho vyo gutera amasasu vy'ubwoko bwa batch-, ahanini bihiganwa n'imashini yo gutera amasasu y'ubwoko bwa track-. Ikoreshwa cane cane mu gusukura umusenyi, gukuraho ivyuma, no gukuraho oxide mu bice bitobito n’ivy’ubunini buringaniye-, kandi akenshi ifatanizwa n’igikoresho co gutandukanya kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo gusukura ibikoresho vy’amasasu vyuzuye.
1. Inyungu z'Imashini yo Gutera Igitanda
Ico gikoresho kirazingurwa buhoro buhoro, kikagabanya cane ivyonona.
Umubiri w’umurongo w’imfuruka nyinshi-uzunguruka ibubamfu n’iburyo (n’uburemere bw’uguzunguruka bugera kuri degre 120 ), kandi igikoresho gikoreshwa kizunguruka buhoro buhoro kandi mu buryo bubereye. Udakunze ubwoko bw'umurongo-, ntiwugira ugutembagazwa gukomeye; ni vyiza ku bice vy'uruhome rworoshe-, ivyuma-ubwoko bw'ivyuma, kugabanya uguca ibice kw'urubibi n'imfuruka n'uguhinduka kw'ingaruka z'igikoresho.
Ishobora gusukura ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibikoresho vy’ugucukura mu gice kimwe, ata n’ibintu bikomeye bitegekanijwe, kandi irafise ubushobozi bwo guhindura uko ikora.
Ivyo bipfukisho vy’ugutera ivyatsi ni vyinshi, kandi ingaruka zo gusukura imyobo yo mu mutima n’ibisigazwa vy’umusenyi ni nziza.
Ivyo bikoresho vyo gutera amasasu birashirwa hejuru y’igitanda co gutereramwo, kandi ivyo bikoresho vyo gutera amasasu birapfuka igikoresho kuva hejuru gushika hasi; mu gihe c’uguzunguruka, igikoresho gikomeza guhindukira, kigashira ahabona bimwe bishitse ivyuho bipfutse n’ibipfutse be n’aho umusenyi usigaye.
Igipande co hasi c’igitanda c’uguzunguruka gifise umwobo w’ugusohoka kw’amasasu, kandi imipira y’icuma ifashwe mu mfuruka y’igikoresho irashobora gusohoka ubwayo, bikagabanya amahirwe y’uko ibikoresho vy’amasasu bishobora gusohoka mu mfuruka y’igikoresho maze bikajanwa hanze y’ibikoresho.
Ivyo gusukura birashikama, kandi ingene bigenda biragenzurwa cane.
Uburyo bw’ibice bimwe bimwe, PLC igena igihe n’incuro z’uguhinduka kw’ibice vyose vy’ugutera ivyatsi; uburyo bwo ku ruhande rw’umugwi umwe w’ibikoresho vy’ibikorwa burahuye cane, bubereye guhingura ibintu bikomeye vy’umugwi.
2. Inyungu z’imiterere n’ugutunganywa kw’imashini yo gutera amabuye y’agaciro (ugereranije n’imashini yo gutera amabuye y’agaciro)
Nta bihimba vy’ugutanga amakuru bigendagenda mu cumba co guteramwo amasasu, ivyo bikaba bituma igitigiri c’abananirwa kigabanuka cane.
Icumba c'ubwoko bw'inzira-gifise inzira n'iminyororo y'umuduga, ishobora gufunga umusenyi, gufunga ibikoresho, n'uguca iminyororo.
Igitanda co guzunguruka gifise gusa uburyo bwo guzunguruka hanze, kandi nta minyororo canke ibizingiti biri mu cumba co gusukuramwo imbere, ivyo bikaba bikuraho amakosa yo gufunga no gufatanya, kandi bikagabanya cane igikorwa co gusanasana.
Ibice bishobora kwambara-bifise ubuzima buramba, kandi igiciro co gukoresha igihe kirekire-ni gito.
Igitanda c’imbere gikoresha igipande c’icuma gishobora kwambara cane, kikaba gishobora kwambara neza; nta ngorane yo gusubirira kenshi imirongo y'imipira / ivyuma ku bwoko bw'imirongo-.
Iyo ifatanijwe n’igikoresho co gutandukanya ibintu bikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba, ubuhumane bw’ibikoresho vy’amasasu bizunguruka burabandanya gusukurwa, ivyo bikaba bigabanya cane ukuntu ibikoresho vyo gukura amasasu n’ibipande vyo kurinda bigenda birasaza.
Ishobora gutunganirizwa ata mwobo, ata n’ishoramari ryinshi ry’ubuhinga bw’ivy’ubuhinga bw’amazu.
Ishobora gushirwa ku butaka buringaniye ata kwimba umwobo w’umushinge; birashoboka cane mu gusanura amasengesho ya kera canke mu gutegura amahinguriro mashasha, bikagabanya igihe c’ubwubatsi no kuzigama amahera y’ubuhinga bw’ubwubatsi.
Ivyo gushiramwo no gukuraho ibintu vyikora birafise ubufatanye bworoshe, kandi birahuye n’imirongo y’iteraniro.
Ishobora gukoreshwa n’ugutwara ibintu binyiganyiga, gushiramwo ibikoresho vy’ibikoresho vy’ibikoresho, n’ugukura ibintu kugira ngo bishike ku nzira y’ibikoresho vy’ibikoresho; uburyo bw'ibice bishobora gufatanya bitagoranye n'umurongo w'iteraniro ry'isuku ry'inyuma-, gusubirira gushiramwo no gukuraho n'amaboko.
Itandukaniro ry’ugushira n’ugukura ni ritoyi, kandi igikoresho kigwa n’ingaruka nziza, kigabanura 磕碰 ya kabiri.
3. Inyungu z'uguhingura n'ugukoresha inguvu z'imashini yo gutera ivyatsi
Ivyo bikoresho vy’ugutera birakoreshwa neza cane, kandi n’ugukoresha imipira y’icuma ni bike.
Ivyo bikoresho vyo gutera amasasu biri hejuru-bifise ubushobozi bwo gukoresha inguvu nyinshi; iyo ifatanijwe n’igitandukanya c’amabuye y’agaciro, imipira myiza y’icuma ibereye ntizobura hamwe n’ibikoresho vy’imyanda, kandi ukuntu ibikoresho vyo gutera amasasu n’amasahani yo kurinda ni vyiza kuruta umugambi usanzwe wo guhitamwo umuyaga + wo gukurikirana.
Ivyo gukingira ni vyiza, kandi biroroshe kugenzura inkungugu.
Muri rusangi umubiri w'aho upfutse urazunguruka, ufise uturongo dukeyi two guhunga inkungugu; n’ugukuraho inkungugu y’impumuro + ugutandukanya kw’amabuye y’agaciro, birabereye ku bikoresho bifise umusenyi mwinshi, kandi umukazo wo kwubahiriza ibidukikije uri hasi.
Uguhingura bihinduka, guhindura ubwoko birabereye.
Uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu bice, guhindura ibisobanuro vy’ugutera bisaba gusa guhindura igihe co gutera n’incuro zo gutera, ata gusubirira ibikoresho; ibereye ku mahugurwa y'ubwoko bwinshi-, mato -amahugurwa y'ugutera.
4. Ivyiyumviro nyamukuru vyo gukoresha (Ivyiza vyiza bikora bifatanijwe n’igitandukanya c’amabuye y’agaciro)
Inganda zikora ivyuma: ivyuma vy’umupira, ivyuma vy’imvi, ivyuma bitobito n’ivy’ubunini buringaniye-vyo gusukura umusenyi, gukuraho ivyuma vy’imbere, no gukuraho oxide ku ruhande (ububi bwo kuzimangana, umusenyi w’ivyuma, ivyuma vy’umusenyi vy’i sodium silicate);
Ibice vy’imodoka: igikoko, umutwe w’icuma, igihimba, utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto tw’inyuma y’ugukoreshwa ubushuhe kugira ngo hakurweho oxide;
Ivyuma bitobito-mu mashini y’ubwubatsi, imibiri y’amavalve, imibiri y’amapompa yo gusukura;
Ivyuma vy’ubucuzi, ibice vy’ugutera ibipfunsi vyo gukuraho umugese no gukomeza ivyuma vyo ku ruhande.
Igishushanyo ciza co guhuza: igitanda co guhungabana kirasa imashini + kabiri-intambwe y'ugutandukanya amabuye y'agaciro
Ivyo bikoresho birimwo umusenyi mwinshi mu bikoresho vy’ugutera, kandi ugutandukanya kw’amabuye y’agaciro kuratandukanya neza imipira y’icuma n’ibisigazwa vy’umusenyi, bikaba bikoresha neza ivyiza vyo gusukura bihoraho kandi bishikamye vy’igitanda co gutereramwo.
5. Imipaka ngufi
Ntibibereye ku bikoresho vy'ibikorwa vy'igice kimwe -birebire cane n'ibinini cane;
Ntibibereye ku bikoresho bikoreshwa bigoye gutera.
Igiciro ca mbere co kugura ivyo bikoresho ni kinini kuruta ic’amamashini asanzwe yo gutera amasasu y’ubwoko bwa crawler-;
Ibikoresho bito cane kandi bimeze nk’ibipande{0}}birashobora gufata mu bihengeri vy’igitanda co guzunguruka, rero imiterere y’ibikoresho ikeneye gusuzumwa imbere y’igihe.